Internationalization of Latin American economies

Author: Shkolyar N.A.

Th e article reveals the issues of internationalization of Latin American economies by analyzing international operations of Latin American fi nancial and industrial groups. Th e reasons for internationalization related to the narrowness of local markets, modernization and increased
potential of a number of Latin American companies are identifi ed. Th e time limits of the internationalization process for its four stages are established. Th e infl uence of foreign direct investment in Latin America on the expansion of international operations of large Latin American companies is revealed, with Brazil, Mexico and Chile as leaders in this process in the region. Th e main areas of foreign direct investments of Latin American companies are considered

International competitive bidding and the digital economy

Author: Zakharov A.N.

Th is article examines the relationship between international competitive bidding and the digital economy. Th e development of international competitive bidding and digital economy under globalization is shown. It is proved that integration of information and communication technologies
in the foreign trade system in the context of globalization and the world wide web provides ICT participants with a number of additional opportunities: operational decision-making based on the intra-company fl ow of information, expanding the range of consumers, reducing customer
service costs, collecting and analyzing information on consumer preferences. Advantages of international competitive bidding are considered. Th e article analyzes trends in e-Commerce, such as ensuring cybersecurity in enterprises and the use of cryptocurrency in international competitive
bidding. Th e article reveals the most important aspects of the development of digital economy in modern conditions.

Import substitution: preliminary policy results for fi ve years

Authors: Kuznetsova G.V., Tsedilin L.I.

Th e article considers some of the results of the import substitution policy of the Russian government in recent years. Th e policy is oft en viewed both in mass and expert discourse as a reaction to Western sanctions, on the one hand, and as a tool to revive the domestic economy, on the other. Based on offi cial statistics and expert estimates, the authors prove that the recent increase in the production of a number of goods, especially agricultural and food products was attributable not so much to the sanctions regime but to the government support measures, the use of foreign technologies, components and raw materials, and the creation of new production facilities in Russia by foreign transnational corporations. It is concluded that in the modern era of the internationalization of production and digital transformation the country’s economic success depends on its inclusion in global value chains, which is impossible without imports; this makes the declared policy of import substitution less eff ective.

An important tool for expanding Russian exports of engineering products

Authors: Bartenev S.A., Dolgov S.I., Nikitenko A.A., Savinov Y.A.

Increased international competition in the civil aircraft market, as well as in other markets of machinery and equipment stimulates exporters to improve the forms and methods of entering the market and to strengthen ties and cooperation with buyers for the long term. In this context, it became essential to establish export representation offi ces in the most important markets. Th e offi ces in question are due to transfer knowledge from the seller to the buyer. A new area of their activity became the transfer of exporter’s knowledge through the buyer to other possible customers. Th is is especially evident in the civil aircraft market.

Admission of foreign carriers and forwarders to national transport markets and freight forwarding services

Authors: Golubchik A.M., Kholopov K.V.

Th e development of national exports of transport services has fundamental importance for most countries of the world. Especially for those who want to extend their spheres of economic infl uence to those countries of the world in which there are interests in promoting their exportimport
cargo fl ows. Th e level of provision of export-import operations with goods and services of national carriers, forwarders and enterprises of the national transport infrastructure becomes an indicator of the success of foreign economic policy of States. In the proposed article, the authors
tried to analyze regulatory measures for a number of transport services markets, which preference for commercial presence to national participants exists. Th is is not so much a manifestation of protectionism as a consequence of the existing system of international transport relations, enshrined in law at the supranational level.

Analysis of the transaction for the import of plywood in Russia

Authors: Bartenev S.A., Burenin V.A., Kirillov V.N., Skurova A.V.

Th e global plywood market is one of the major commodity markets and many Russian enterprises of the forest industry successfully operate in it. Due to the specifi cs of demand Russian fi rms sell and buy diff erent varieties of plywood. In this article, the authors analyze a foreign trade contract
for the purchase of plywood on the world market for further use in Russia. Various aspects of the contract, in particular, the terms of quality control, delivery of the goods, payment terms, liabilities of the parties are considered in detail. In examining the issues of payment it is assumed
that the importer eff ects payment by bank transfer. Despite being one of the cheapest methods of payment, it may imply the risk of non-delivery. At the end of the article, the legal aspects of the foreign trade transaction in question are outlined.

New legal aspects of regulating Russian agricultural exports

Authors: Girich M.G., Levashenko A.D.

Promotion of agricultural trade in compliance with the principles of sustainable development is a global trend driven by changes in demand. Also it contributes to higher competitiveness of the producers improving their reputation and image. Adherence to the sustainable development
principles is an essential condition for exporting products to the developed markets. Th e OECD and FAO responsible business standards for agricultural supply chains are among the most important standards for international trade as they establish the environmental and social requirements for companies. However, such requirements may in eff ect create non-tariff barriers. National Contact Points (NCPs) as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism were created to monitor implementation of the OECD Responsible Business Conduct Standards. Exporter’s involvement in specifi c instances to the National Contact Point might seriously aff ect the company’s reputation and opportunities to fi nd trading partners and raise funds.

Building up students’ cooperation when teaching foreign languages

Author: Stepanova O.M.

The business world today is experiencing increased need in professionals able to cooperate whereas live communication which makes it possible to build relationships with people is under threat from online interaction, and the situation is common among students. In such a situation
building up students’ cooperation competence is considered to be the compulsory component of professional education. The author analyzes eff ectiveness of cooperation in groups of students of the Faculty of Foreign Trade at Russian Foreign Trade Academy and off ers practical solutions that can be implemented when teaching Business English or other disciplines to future professionals.

Responsible business conduct in textile and footwear markets

Authors: Valamat-Zade A.R., Ermokhin I.S.

Promoting trade and adhering to sustainable development principles becomes a global trend, including the textile and footwear markets. Compliance with these principles is a prerequisite to exporting goods to the markets of developed countries and helps to increase competitiveness,
attract investors, as well as improve company reputation. Th e most signifi cant standards for international trade in the textile and footwear sector are the OECD Responsible Business Conduct Standards established in the OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector

The impact of grain and oilseed exports on domestic markets

Authors: Rau V.V., Frolova E.Y.

Th e paper analyzes the practices of enhancing the export capacity in the largest grain and oilseeds exporting countries. Th is is relevant for the Russian agricultural economy and the promotion of exports in the medium and long term. The study reveals the most important features and
factors that infl uenced the export growth in the main exporting countries of these products. The governments are forced to have a variety of tools at their disposal in order to ensure the stability of the grain market in case of major fl uctuations, thus insuring against internal and external risks.
From this perspective, studying the experience of the leading countries is important for practical purposes.

Innovative leadership development of an international trade company

Author: Vittenbeck N.V.

Th e article is devoted to the relevance of new management practices for an international trade company focused on continuous innovative development. Th e key components of the proposed concept of international trade company’s innovative development emphasize the importance of
developing new competencies in the fi eld of management and leadership - portfolio management, innovation project management, setting up corporate business incubators, creation of innovation partnerships. Th e key instruments facilitating innovative development of the international trade company are the integral approach, open innovation technologies and “innovation centers”.

Role of intermediaries in foreign trade

Authors: Kuzina E.Y., Sas A.Y.

In the article, the authors consider how intermediary companies assist in solving the problems of producers and consumers. The role of an intermediary as a catalyst for the market is analyzed. The main forms of intermediary services for the sale of fi nished products on the global aviation property market are presented; specifi cs of using various intermediaries on commodity markets, peculiarities of the intermediary actions of agent companies are revealed; stages of arranging intermediary activities of the company for the resale of aviation technical property are considered in detail. The article also highlights the role of mediation in the repair of these products and how
it can facilitate trade relations.